This past weekend, I spoke at the Texas Osteopathic Medical Association conference. As I prepared my speech, I suddenly realized that what we had been telling people for years about the apple was entirely rotten! These days, I recommend that my clients and patients eat not only carbohydrate (the apple) but also fat and protein (think pairing the apple with peanut butter) with every meal or snack. The reason: Blood Sugar Control!

Optimize Your Health!

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines recommendations (new ones arrive in 2015) focused on foods that Americans need to increase and decrease. The foods to increase include fruits, vegetables, whole grains (complex carbohydrates) and low-fat and non-fat dairy foods. The foods to decrease include both refined grains and added sugars (simple carbohydrates). The primary function of carbohydrate is to provide glucose particularly important for the brain and central nervous system. Glucose is the main fuel for these systems. After a meal, glucose is stored in the muscles and liver as glycogen for the body to utilize for energy between meals by breaking glycogen back down into the glucose components.

Protein and Carbohydrate

As people become overweight, glucose homeostasis can become disrupted and insulin resistance may develop. When a meal is consumed, the pancreas secretes insulin to facilitate transport of glucose into the cells. How high insulin levels surge determines whether the body stores glucose as fat or uses glucose immediately. In insulin resistant individuals, the body cells do not respond to insulin. The pancreas continues to secrete more insulin in an effort to achieve a response. Insulin resistance can exacerbate a tendency towards Type 2 diabetes and perpetuate overconsumption in response to surging insulin levels and a lack of transport of glucose into the cells. However, insulin resistance is not caused by carbohydrate consumption rather overweight and genetics. When a person loses weight, insulin resistance may resolve.

The current American diet tends to provide an excess of simple sugars and starchy foods generally leading to poor nutrition and storage of excess calories as fat. In addition, low intake of fiber can lead to disorders of the gastrointestinal system. Added sugars or simple sugars are found in candy, sugar-sweetened beverages and desserts and generally provide calories with little vitamins or minerals. Complex carbohydrates or starches are found in potatoes, breads, cereals and starchy vegetables such as corn. These complex carbohydrates provide vitamins and minerals as well as fiber. Refined grains tend to provide less fiber and nutrients and have become increasingly prevalent in the American diet.

Eating complex carbohydrate sources such as fruits, vegetables and whole grains as suggested by the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, provides people with vitamins, minerals and fiber currently lacking in the American diet. These complex carbohydrates must be broken down to be absorbed and move more slowly through the digestive track helping people to feel fuller longer but also moderating blood glucose levels. However, eating complex carbohydrate alone can be problematic in rising of blood glucose when eaten without protein or fat. This may result in a rebound need for further eating or snacking. Overall, maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis and gastrointestinal integrity from eating complex carbohydrates such as the apple can promote optimal health and well-being just balance that carbohydrate by adding some protein and fat.

To Infinity and Beyond

My daughters have done two bonding things heading into the New Year. First, they took beautiful pictures together that will always be cherished. The pictures exemplify the deep love of sisterhood despite the quarrels of everyday life. Second, they got “sister” tattoos. The interesting part is that they chose the infinity symbol as the tattoo to share that will bond them symbolically for the rest of their lives.

As I begun contemplating the symbol they chose, I decided to look up the definition. Wikipedia defines the infinity symbol as an abstract concept describing something without any limit and is relevant in a number of fields. An extension of that definition is that it symbolizes eternity, empowerment, and everlasting love. As a result, I decided this could be applied to the field of health and wellness.

A New Year always represents new beginnings. As a registered dietitian working in healthcare and obtaining my doctorate in public health, I often see people who are not healthy and well but have every possibility to be healthy and well. There is a fine line between poor health and good health that is defined by lifestyle. Why not choose an infinity of wellness? Empowering oneself to make simple choices everyday that can lead to an eternity of good health and a productive life filled with everlasting love for yourself then share that love through service to others.

Currently, I am lucky to be serving in Fort Worth on the Blue Zones activation committee. As a Blue Zone community, Fort Worth is choosing to create a place where people can live longer, healthier lives. The purpose of this initiative is to improve the well‐being of our community by optimizing physical surroundings, policy, and social connections. The goal is to bring real and tangible changes to people’s lives by making the healthy choice the easy choice. The hope is to engage Fort Worth in health and wellness on every level. The great news is this makes choosing an infinity of wellness as a New Year’s resolution a reachable goal for everyone! Adopt the Blue Zones initiative Power 9 Principles for a healthy lifestyle as your New Year’s resolution and reap the limitless benefits that a healthy mind and body can provide:

Blue Zones Power 9

• Activity as a regular part of daily life
• Stop eating when one is 80% full
• More beans, whole grains, vegetables, nuts fruits; Limit meat and processed foods
• Drink red wine, in moderation
• Have a reason to get up in the morning
• Make time for stress relief
• Belong to and participate in a spiritual community
• Make family important; Family rituals and traditions
• Pick the “right tribe”; Surround yourself with people of like values

Food Day is not just a day it’s a movement. Engaging in local or national efforts to ensure healthy, local and sustainable food supplies, can not only support food production through reforming factory farms, supporting fair working conditions for food and farm workers, and supporting sustainable farms but also promote safer, healthier diets through food and nutrition education while ending hunger. Food Day brings attention to the issues of food systems in our country by providing a chance for everyone to rally around these shared goals.

Everywhere you look these days, community gardens seem to be the trend in cities and towns throughout our country. This is great news considering less than 1 in 10 Americans over age 12 consume the recommended levels of total fruits and vegetables each day. At the same time, added sugars provide about 14% of total calories for the average American, and 21% for teenagers. We are basically eating a lot of processed low fiber foods that provide calories without many nutrients that our bodies need to be healthy and well. We are overweight and undernourished.

In fact, two out of three adults and one out of three children and adolescents in the U.S. are either overweight or obese. At a time when we are trying to reduce medical costs in our country, the annual medical cost for obesity is more than $150 billion, plus another $73 billion in reduced productivity. These costs are controllable through actions. Each community faces its own challenges. However, solutions should be based on local culture, history and resources. A good place to start is with kids in schools. Cooking with kids at home teaches them skills but many families are not cooking at home these days. Children who know where food comes from and how to cook meals will have a big advantage when it comes to being healthy.  On average, kids in the U.S. receive only 3.4 hours of food and nutrition education per year at school. The time to act is now.

Community and home gardens are a good way to teach children about food and give them a sense of purpose in tending to the garden while watching the foods grow. Getting food education into schools provides a chance for every child to learn hands-on cooking and essential food skills. If every child has the opportunity to learn about, grow and cook food, they’d have the knowledge and tools to lead healthier and more fulfilling lives. If you teach a child to cook, a lot of other things fall into place. Even if children learn how to make better choices in public venues, they are provided with food skills to advocate for their own better health. My recent quote in Women’s Health Magazine gives moms tips for choosing healthier foods when choosing fast food options. Parents should serve as role models.

Food matters to everyone. Together, we can tackle important challenges and improve access and availability of healthy foods throughout our communities, schools, restaurants, colleges and families. It just takes one day to get started in the right direction. Let that day be October 24^th, 2014, Food Day.

As a Registered Dietitian, some years ago I worked in the pediatric metabolic clinic at a major university medical center. Many of my patients were treated not just by medication but also through special diets that helped to bypass specific defects in metabolic or genetic pathways crucial to keep them alive. Now as a public health student and soon to be practitioner, I am concerned by the fact that our nation’s uninsured population includes 3.8 million children with special needs. In general, approximately 10.2 million children in the U.S. have special health care needs. Of these 60% of Americans have previously been covered under employer-sponsored plans exempt from state laws requiring coverage for specific testing and therapies necessary to particular genetic diseases.

Diet Restrictions for PKU

One of these therapies is medical food, an important therapy in diseases such as phenylketonuria (PKU) and epilepsy as well as many more rare diseases such as fructose intolerance. The problem lies in the fact that few insurance companies understand these inborn errors of metabolism and few health plans are likely to cover these treatments unless states mandate coverage. According to the Health and Human Services Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children, although 38 states now require medical food coverage, they establish varying caps, limit the coverage to certain disorders, set age limits or have narrow definitions as to what qualifies as medical food.

This leaves young families without access to a Registered Dietitian to assist them in navigating medical nutrition therapy for their child. One mother’s story told by the Family Voices division of the Genetic Alliance, spoke of the struggle to not only diagnose her daughter with fructose intolerance but then, her struggle to manage her medical food needs. The first time she went grocery shopping after the diagnosis, she spent three hours in the grocery store and went home with only six items her daughter could eat. This does not even address whether these items could meet her daughter’s full nutritional needs for growth and general health. She wanted desperately to seek the help of a Registered Dietitian, however, the family’s insurance did not provide coverage.

The ironic part to this story is that medical nutrition therapy is actually generally much cheaper than medication or complications that could occur by not following a diet conducive to the child’s health and wellness. These children have to eat to live so diverting normal food costs to appropriate foods to meet their specific needs can be a very cost effective treatment while minimizing complications and therefore, emergency department visits and hospitalizations not to mention possibly reducing day-to-day medications needed.

Medical food and medical nutrition therapy can play a role in a variety of disease states or just generally keeping people healthy and well. With the push of the Affordable Care Act encouraging people to take responsibility for their own health, my hope is that states and providers will understand the importance of medical nutrition therapy or nutrition coaching by a Registered Dietitian in helping people choose foods and lifestyles that will promote wellness. This will in turn, decrease overall health care expenditures in our country. And after all, isn’t that the goal?

As we head into the summer months, food safety becomes even more important. This short video:

Be a Food Safety “Top Gun”

provides tips and tools for preparing safe food for your friends and family.

Key points in your “Top Gun” flight plan include:

Avoid the Danger Zone – Keep food out of the range (either above or below) between 40 degrees and 140 degrees Farenheit.

Feel the Need for Speed – Store food  within 1-2 hours in shallow dishes for rapid cooling to below 40 degrees.

Turn and Burn – Roast meats to above 325 degrees;  Rotate and reheat to above 165 degrees; Hold at or above 140 degrees.

Knowing you have completed these tasks, you can relax and enjoy a delicious, safe meal with your family!

Information:

United States Department of Agriculture. Food Safety and Inspection Service. Food Safety Education.

Photo from Google Search:
Top Gun Photos

Music from iTunes: Kenny Loggins

To find a Registered Dietitian: Texas Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Homestead Farms

This summer semester one of my school assignments was to visit a local farm. Homestead Farms is a quaint farm located in Keller, TX at 4160 Keller-Hicks Road. If you blink, you will miss the driveway tucked in the middle of the urban development of Keller. The website indicates they sell fresh produce and raw goat’s milk. However, I soon learned that they additionally sell fresh meats, eggs and fresh cow’s milk products. When I pulled up, I was surprised at the number of patrons in the store.

The farm started about 6 years ago but the land has been in the Farris family since 1889. It is a true family farm. There are three families living on the farm who keep an eye on everything. Sarah runs the retail store and Michael runs the dairy and farm. The location is great for drop-in customers and invites Agro-tourism to teach people about agriculture. Many people today have lost touch with how real food is grown.

Homestead Farms caters to people changing their diet to more natural or locally grown, health food enthusiasts, moms and people who want fresh, wholesome foods for better health. Parents buy for children and infants. Since goat’s milk (or cow’s milk) alone cannot meet an infant’s nutritional needs, you have to both dilute and supplement goat’s milk with the missing nutrients. For parents interested in using goat’s milk, a registered dietitian can help ensure that nutrient needs are met. Additionally, it is important to remember that the Centers for Disease Control does not recommend consumption of unpasteurized milk of any kind especially by vulnerable populations such as infants, children, elderly or immuno-compromised individuals.

Sarah informs me they have never had an illness result from their milk. They milk about 40 goats twice each day taking about 3 hours each time they’re milked. Good sanitation practices keep the milk clean as it is taken directly from the goats without ever touching human hands. Then, the milk is instantly cooled and stored in milk tank for aseptic bottling. They sell out of fresh milk every day. They have a raw to retail permit but customers must purchase their milk at Homestead Farms per Texas State laws. Additionally, the farm undergoes inspection monthly by the Texas Department of State Health Services.

Sarah states that goat’s milk is very mild flavored. 80% of their diet is grass and some grain with added vitamins and minerals. She goes on to say that the lactose in raw goat’s milk is better tolerated and natural enzymes assist with digestion. Having heard Sarah’s declarations regarding all of the benefits of drinking goat’s milk, a quick review of the literature yielded little unbiased medical research to provide evidence to support these claims. Research should be pursued to substantiate the many anecdotal experiences about the medical benefits from goat milk consumption, which abound in trade publications and the popular press. This could be a good topic for future research!

Nubian Goats

The goats are Nubian goats from Africa…they make higher fat and protein milk like Jersey Cows. They also have beef cattle that are grass fed up in Montague County. The farm strives very hard to feed the animals what is naturally eaten. The pigs are raised on premise, purchased at a few hundred pounds and slaughtered at around 1,000 pounds.

In their produce, no pesticides are used…they are not certified organic but grow to organic standards. They embrace the “circle of life” concept to keep a sustainable farm by reusing and repurposing between plants and animals. Goats, pigs and chickens eat garden waste and animal waste can be used to fertilize crops.

While I was there, I did taste the raw goat’s milk. It was really light and fresh with a small goat cheese flavored aftertaste and was fantastic! The farm makes a great field trip for schools, a unique venue for birthday parties and an ideal way to reconnect people with how food is produced.

Recently, I made a new cyber friend as kindred spirits in travel and media. Kendra asked me to fill her in on things to do in Fort Worth, the city in which I live. Kendra Thornton who lives in Chicago, a city I love to visit, appears as a travel expert on television stations across the country to offer travel tips and deals.

Fort Worth Stockyards

As I started thinking about why someone would want to visit Fort Worth, I considered the newly revamped downtown area which offers many restaurants as well as a variety of things to do from Pete’s Piano Bar to Four Day Weekend comedy club to the Bass Performance Hall, hotels and shopping. My recent post on Taverna highlighted just one of the restaurants and who could forget Reata, the cornerstone of Fort Worth’s downtown cuisine?

Another fun area is the up and coming West 7^th development. Including not only restaurants such as Terra and Tillman’s but also the club Studio Eighty for some eighties music dancing, a variety of other clubs and bars, the West 7^th Movie Tavern, Sweet Sammies Ice Cream and of course, more shopping! West 7^th is located not too far from the Museum district including the Children’s Museum, Cowgirl Museum, Museum of Modern Art and the Kimbell Art Museum.

The University Park Shopping Village features more great restaurants and an offering of nice retail shops including Banana Republic, Talbots and the like. A great place to grab a sandwich or pastry in that area is McKinley’s Bakery. Hoffbrau is another beloved restaurant in that area and who could forget Silver Fox? Located just north of TCU on University, the area has the feel of a college town set in the middle of the city. Depending on the time of year, a Horned Frog football game is a great option for family fun or just tour the newly remodeled campus and stadium.

Trinity Trails

Both the West 7^th and University Park areas are just adjacent to the expanding plethora of bike trails in and around Fort Worth. These trails are home to a number of Marathons, Bike Rides and Triathlons as well as winding next to the Fort Worth Zoo and the Botanic Gardens. The new bike rental system allows for a choice of biking or walking through or around these areas and venues. As a registered dietitian, I think it is important when vacationing to find ways to get out with the family, spouse or friends and be active.

Last but not least, I have to mention the Stockyards. This area gave rise to the slogan, “Where the West Begins” or another Fort Worth nickname, “Cowtown”. Visiting the stockyards gives privy to many specialty western shops, the world renowned Billy Bob’s Texas and Cattleman’s Steakhouse. There are additionally a smattering of smaller venues for dancing and the ever popular, Joe T. Garcia’s Mexican restaurant.

Throw in a couple of outliers, Salsa Fuego, Ellerbe Fine Foods and The Keg and some seasonal events such as Mayfest, the Stockshow and Rodeo and the Cowtown Marathon and I realized Fort Worth has become a travel destination. You will want to experience all that Fort Worth has to offer for your next vacation or business convention. Give me a shout if you need a tour guide!

Everyone remembers the line in Eat, Pray, Love where Julia Roberts in her role states that every word in Italian is like a truffle. She goes on to say that she is going to Italy to write a book and call it Conjugates and Carbohydrates.

The definition of conjugate means the bringing along of basics into the more complex. This fall’s important lesson is that embracing the basics in constructing one’s life can help us get back to those things that are important in leading a healthy lifestyle.

While my semester challenged me with the basics of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, I did manage to attend the Texas Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics media representative training. During our training, we made a new friend who taught us the basics of fashion for not only our media appearances and but also everyday.

Me with Victoria Snee

Victoria Snee, author of The Beauty Buzz showed us the key to avoiding cosmetic and fashion catastrophes by sticking with tried-and-true products. By abiding by this rule, one can feel good about their appearance and project a positive image.

October went on to include attending the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Food and Nutrition Conference in Houston where I caught up with many friends from all over the country while refreshing my basic knowledge of nutrition in 2013. Another adventure took me to Lubbock, Texas where I spoke at Texas Tech and Lubbock Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics on the “New Basics,” emerging trends in public health nutrition.

When it comes to nutrition, the basics to fueling for life is choosing nutrient-rich foods. Nutrient-rich foods contain health-building nutrients while limiting calorie dense simple sugars and excess fats. Similarly to fat as one of my students pointed out in a recent blog post, people tend to have a bad connotation when hearing the word Carbohydrate.

The most recent dietary guidelines encourage us to make half our grains whole and at the same time increase our intake of fruits and vegetables. These are all complex carbohydrates that provide fiber, vitamins and minerals currently lacking in the American diet. Getting back to the basics means choosing those whole, unprocessed foods that provide healthy amounts of fat, carbohydrate and protein, the energy-yielding nutrients.

Armed with all of our new appreciation for the basics, my colleagues and I headed out for our end-of-semester dinner gladly embracing the complex carbohydrates at Taverna. Despite all of the parodies that have been played on the book title, I think we must venture inside the book to learn from Julia…embracing each nuance of life can bring us to a place of health and contentment. So, I say Conjugate away!